Russell was related to Mariettas Brumby family through his paternal grandmother, Rebecca Harriette Brumby, and in the 1950s his cousin, Otis A. Brumby Jr., worked for him as a Senate page. Russell began practicing law the following year, and in 1920 began his political career as a state representative. Publikovno 12.6.2021 (1 point) It was a period of economic hardship. Richard Russell, a ground control agent, died after he stole the plane at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport in August 2018 and drove it into the ground of a remote island in the Puget Sound . b. Richard Russellv. Hal Suit (Atlanta: WSB-TV, 1970), video. Consider the narrator's thoughts, feelings, and interests. He consolidated 102 different state offices into 17 agencies. In 1918, following his graduation from the University of Georgia law school, Richard B. Russell Jr. enlisted in the U.S. In all, Brunswick made 99 Liberty Ships. **** It was a period that did not see . Richard B. Russell Jr. Couy Griffin Ex Wife, As one who was born and reared in the atmosphere of the Old South, with six generations of my forebears now resting beneath Southern soil, I am willing to go as far and make as great a sacrifice to preserve and insure white supremacy in the social, economic, and political life of our state . Russell is buried in his familys cemetery behind the Russell home in Winder. Categories . 8. Keywords Rome, Slavery, large numbers, prisons, three children. Visitacion Valley Crime, hot topic assistant manager job description; What were Brazil's military contributions in World War 2? The United States effective use of its economic, industrial, and military tools to influence the behavior of other nations in the immediate aftermath Russell, Richard ; Savannah and Brunswick Shipyards ; Carl Vinson ; World War II ; Describe key events leading up to American involvement in World War II; include the Lend-Lease Act and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Explain the impact of the Holocaust on Georgians. Lewis and Clark Expedition, (180406), U.S. military expedition, led by Capt. B. Richard Russel and Carl Vinson: Richard Russel tried to run the state government like a successful business. RUSSELL BRAND: Well, I dont think its working very well, Jeremy, given that the planet is being destroyed, given that there is economic disparity of a Russell was a founder and leader of the conservative coalition that dominated Congress from 1937 to 1963, and at his de Explain Contributions -Theory of Rent -Labor Theory of Value/Wage -Theory of Comparative Advantage . The Dow Theory Today. The Caribbean: U.S. economic and military interests. They will examine the cause and effect of the migration of workers from rural areas of Georgia to urban areas across the state. Keywords Rome, Slavery, large numbers, prisons, three children. Pursued by colleagues to accept the Senate majority leadership, Russell steadfastly refused because he wanted absolute independence of thought and action. Instead, he promoted his young protg Lyndon Johnson, who became the majority whip and, later, the majority leader. Brunswick shipyards, Richard Russell, and Carl Vinson. In 1933 Russell was appointed to the Naval Affairs Committee, and he continued to serve when that committee and the Military Affairs Committee were reorganized in 1946 to form the Armed Services Committee. Observe: 1-2 min observation period to look at primary source and review source information. Early Office reflects Russell's first years as a United States senator and reveals him as a strong supporter of New Deal legislation. Photograph by Abbie Rowe, National Park Service. Richard I of England, also known as Richard the Lionheart (Cur de Lion), reigned as king of England from 1189 to 1199 CE. His love of the Senate and its traditions was most evident in his own example of conduct and leadership. Vinson, a native of Baldwin County, served as chairman of the House Naval Affairs Committee for 16 years and its successor, the House Armed Services Committee for 14 years. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Take a virtual tour of Georgia's museums and galleries, Fashion and politics from Georgia-born designer Frankie Welch. Russell ran a strong grassroots campaign to win the election over several more experienced candidates. African Dwarf Frog Missing From Tank, Key Events leading up to WWII- SS8H9a. military that would Depression? Wednesday, January 9, 2013. Richard Russell was married to Hannah Russell, whom he met in 2010 in Coos Bay, Oregon while they were both students. Compared with the perils which our forefathers conquered because they believed and were not afraid, we have still much to be thankful for. It cause the United States to get involved in the war. Richard gleans gems, some obvious, some not, from what we could . Evaluate the purpose and economic impact of the Bell Bomber Plant, military bases, and the Savannah and Brunswick shipyards. On page 71-72, place pages of guided notes. The Southern Bloc argued that these provisions were infringements on states rights. Russell devoted his life to public service. Roger Myerson, an economist who also won the prize, described the Nash equilibrium as one of the most important contributions in the history of economic thought. Nash originally wanted to be an electrical engineer like his father and studied mathematics as an undergraduate at Carnegie Tech (now Carnegie-Mellon University). elaborated Learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. It contributed to his defeat in a bid for the presidency, often diverted him from other legislative and appointed business, limited his ability to accept change, weakened his health, and tainted his record historically. He lay in state at the Georgia state capitol, where U.S. president Richard Nixon visited to pay his respects. Gilbert C. Fite, Richard B. Russell Jr., Senator from Georgia (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002). Richard Cantillon (1680 - May, 1734) was an important figure in the Physiocrat school of economics, initially a successful financier who made his fortune through speculation. I can explain the purpose of the Bell Bomber Plant, military bases, Savannah Shipyard, and Brunswick Shipyard located in Georgia. Richard B. Russell Jr. was sworn in as the youngest governor of Georgia by his father, Richard B. Russell Sr., in June 1931. What caused Omaira Sanchez to be trapped? Russell, an early supporter of and mentor to Johnson, criticized the Johnson administration's escalation of the war in Vietnam during the 1960s. 1 . Copy. This information is derived from proxy statements filed for the 2019 fiscal year. Evaluate the purpose and economic impact of the Bell Bomber Plant, military bases, and the Savannah and Brunswick shipyards. Researchers may find useful Henry Stimson, On Active Service in Peace and War (New York: Harper, 1948); William D. Leahy, I Was There: The Personal Story of the Chief of Staff to Presidents Roosevelt and Truman Based on His Notes and Diaries Made at the Time (New York: Whittlesley House, 1950); Ernest J. Upholding the Monroe Doctrine, in this case, was of vital interest to the nation and its hemisphere. Serving in the U.S. Senate from 1933 until his death in 1971, Russell was one of that bodys most respected members. Share to Tumblr. Evaluate the purpose and economic impact of the Bell Bomber Plant, military bases, and the Savannah and Brunswick shipyards. Richard b. Russell served fifty years in as a state legislator. How Much Does Adam Henson Earn From The Bbc, Used Cars For Sale In Orange County Craigslist, Excel Macro Extract Data From Multiple Workbooks, how to auto collect channel points twitch on mobile, how to break a pencil sharpener without a screwdriver, how to shorten a wedding dress with a train, dpc outdoors men's dorfman pacific outback aztec straw hat, famous restaurants in nyc that have closed. Published by The Plain Dealer from Oct. 2 to . Hello world! But he is different from Plato. The New Georgia Encyclopedia does not hold the copyright for this media resource and can neither grant nor deny permission to republish or reproduce the image online or in print. During . A fter 29-year-old airline employee Richard B. Russell stole a plane at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport on Friday night and crashed it into Ketron Island in Puget . By 1938 he led the Southern Bloc in resisting such federal legislation based on the unconstitutionality of its provisions. The purchases of government is the main tool Even before the Second World War, governments had begun to invest public funds into scientific research with the expectation that military, economic, medical and other benefits would ensue. Mancur Olson and Richard Zeckhauser, "An Economic Theory of Alliances," Review of Economics and Statistics 48 (August 1966), pp. Categories . Refresh and try again. After his term of Governor was completed, he was elected to the U.S. Senate where he served for 38 years. Courtesy of Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, National Archives and Records Administration. Requests for permission to publish or reproduce the resource may need to be submitted to the, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, Georgia Archives: "A Biography of the Late Senator Richard B. Russell Democrat of Georgia". Textbook (GAE) Richard Russell Richard B. Russell Jr. was born in Winder on November 2, 1897, to Richard B. Russell Sr. and Ina Dillard Russell. 3. Terms & Conditions! Richard Thaler, (born September 12, 1945, East Orange, New Jersey, U.S.), American economist who was awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize for Economics for his contributions to behavioral economics, a field of microeconomics that applies the findings of psychology and other social sciences to the study of economic behaviour. As the United States and the Soviet Union squared off, Russell strongly supported a military buildup, for which he insisted on civilian oversight or control. After World War II (1941-45), Russells seniority and strong committee assignments, following a congressional reorganization, placed him in key power positions both legislatively and politically. 1101 riveredge rd, connellsville, pa 15425; explain the economic and military contributions of richard russell. Get the latest legal news and information, and learn more about laws that impact your everyday life by visiting FindLaw Legal Blogs. During World War II Russell led a congressional delegation that traveled extensively to investigate the quality and effectiveness of war materiel under combat conditions. Full PDF Package Download Full PDF Package. In 1963 U.S. president Lyndon Johnson appointed a reluctant Russell to the Presidents Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy, or the Warren Commission, as it came to be known. Samuelson Economic Contribution: 1) Revealed Preference Theory: The revealed preference theory was given by Paul Samuelson in the year 1938. During its time, the system was so prominent that more than half of all immigrants to British colonies south of New England were white servants, and that nearly half of total white immigration to the Thirteen Colonies came under indenture. Samuelson Economic Contribution: 1) Revealed Preference Theory: The revealed preference theory was given by Paul Samuelson in the year 1938. He helped pass FDRs New Deal programs through Congress and he was a big supporter of the US military. In 1951 U.S. president Harry Truman removed General Douglas MacArthur as commander in the Far East. they were well-known for their fighting ability. Russell began contesting civil rights legislation as early as 1935, when an antilynching bill was introduced in Congress. Federal/Military Contribution and Economic Impact Report: July 2018; Federal/Military Contribution and Economic Impact Report: January 2018; Federal/Military Contribution and Economic Impact Report: July 2017; Federal/Military Contribution and Describe key events leading up to American involvement in World War II; include the Lend-Lease Act and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Once the Civil Rights Act of 1964 became law, Russell urged compliance and counseled against any violence or forcible resistance; he was the only opponent of the bill to do so. Expert Help. Wiki User. Alarmed by rising tensions in Europe, President Roosevelt and Vinson worked to increase the countrys military readiness. Russell entered the U.S. Senate in 1933 as the youngest member and a strong supporter of U.S. presidential candidate Franklin D. Roosevelt. He died in 1981. SS8H10 Evaluate key post-World War II developments in Georgia. How did Senator Richard Russell's economic policies impact Georgia? William Clark, to explore the Louisiana Purchase and the Pacific Northwest. What was the motivation behind the reforms of Diocletian and Constantine and what did they accomplish? In large measure, American officials followed Truman's approach to U.S.-Soviet relations until the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s. As chair of the joint Senate committee investigating MacArthurs dismissal, Russell conducted hearings that set the model for congressional inquiry. August 4, 2020. DO NOT NUMBER THEM AND WRITE THE NUMBERS IN THE COLUMN. It was the first use of nuclear weapons in war. Russell created programs that were designed to help the state industrialize. Even before World War II, Georgias economy had grown to depend heavily on the states military installations, and Vinson represented Georgias interest in the military through his committee work. Richard Russellwho just a few days previously had declared that the intermediate and primary trends were now bullish, changed his mind. The son of Henry II of England (r. 1154-1189 CE) and Eleanor of Aquitaine (c. 1122-1204 CE), Richard was known for his courage and successes in warfare, but he became so busy with the Third Crusade (1189-1192 CE) and then the defence of English-held territory in France . In the early 21st century, there have been a few years with more than one million legal immigrants, but with a total U.S. population of almost 300 million, the relative impact is much less than it was in the early years of the 20th century. He believed Americas best defense was a military power so strong that no other nation could challenge it successfully. This trend continued during the war and throughout the Cold War period, with increasing levels of public money being invested in science. Richard Russel tried to run the state government like a successfulbusiness. William, the son of a tailor was born in England in 1623. Russell cut state expenditures by 20 percent, balanced the budget without cutting salaries (other than his own), and honored $2.8 million in delinquent obligations. SS8H10 Evaluate key post-World War II developments in Georgia. Describe Georgia's contributions to World War. Secretary of State Dean Rusk called him the most powerful and influential man in Washington, D.C., for a period of about twenty years, second only to the president. The Clinton presidency is still with the nation in ways that make it difficult to draw sound judgments about its lasting historical legacy. Downloaded 29 times. Richard B. Russell Jr. became one of the youngest members of the Georgia House of Representatives upon his election in 1920. How do you use coordinating conjunction in a sentence? Although Russell was best. Australias Economic and Military Contribution - Technical Topics - Any complexity and volume!!!! He was an able smith, craftsman and joiner by the age of 12. A graduate of the law school at the University of Georgia, U.S. senator Richard B. Russell Jr. visits the school's football team at Sanford Stadium in 1969. Download Table | Richard J. Russell Award recipients from publication: Coastal and Marine Geography | The 1990s witnessed a significant increase Share via email. 3.65 avg rating 20 ratings published 2012 4 editions. Write the actual words or phrases. Mr. Wilson's Georgia History Website Hendricks Middle School- Cumming, GA, Unit 2- Prehistoric Georgia/ Age of Exploration, Unit 4- The American Revolution in Georgia, Unit 6- Georgia Statehood and Indian Removal, Unit 9- The New South and Progressive Era in Georgia. Q. Place each characteristic or contribution into the correct category 1 Essay by pli2003, High School, 12th grade, November 2004 . 7. Savings during the decade quadrupled. "The author, Russell Richard, boldly and poignantly translates the varied socio-economic underbelly that arrived from the COVID-19 pandemic. Russell believed that his most important legislative contribution was his authorship and secured passage of the National School Lunch Program in 1946. He was the fourth child, and first son, of what became a family of thirteen children. From 1935 until the passage of the Civil Rights Act in 1964, Russell used his clout as leader of the Southern Bloc in the Senate to prevent the passage of national civil rights legislation. He was elected Speaker pro tempore by the state house in 1923 and 1925. Cantillon's Essai contains pioneering analyses of wages, prices, currency circulation, the role of . He is often referred to as the father of the two-ocean navy. He served twenty-five consecutive terms representing Georgia in the U.S. House of Representatives, from 1914 to 1965. (e.g., boll weevil and drought). Russell divides work into: 1) physical labor; and 2) the work of those who manage laborers (those whose work allows them to buy what the laborer's produce, essentially almost everyone else.) Neither Russell nor his father supported United Nations membership. Russell helped establish several important military bases in the state. Bertrand Russell. What facility manufactured the B-29 during . The unit will emphasize the individuals, groups, and/or social institutions from the United States as well as other countries whose actions caused conflict and change and had long-term effects not only on Georgia and all American citizens, but around the world. After serving for over 50 years in the nations Congress, Vinson retired to his Milledgeville farm in 1965. In New Georgia Encyclopedia. During his eighteen-month tenure, his most significant achievement was a comprehensive reorganization of the state government, which was accomplished by reducing the number of agencies from 102 to 17. After his term of Governor was completed, he was elected to the U.S. Senate where he served for 38 years. Vinson was a major influence in promoting a strong national defense. John R. Hicks: A British economist who received the 1972 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics, along with Kenneth Arrow, for his development of general equilibrium theory and welfare theory. Did Alexander the Great have two different colored eyes? Burial with Military Honors at All Souls Cemetery. did their contributions impact Georgia's |citizens?) The state: state like a family and the village Man is by nature is a political animal. Explain Contributions -Theory of Rent -Labor Theory of Value/Wage -Theory of Comparative Advantage . Russell sought to bring diversity to military bases and schools in the state. In large measure, American officials followed Truman's approach to U.S.-Soviet relations until the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s. He reiterated this sentiment in 1967, when the Johnson administration sent cargo planes to the Congo. (between Bishop Rd. After Roosevelt was elected president, Russell marked his first decade in the Senate by ensuring the passage of Roosevelts New Deal programs. Why or why not? 37 Full PDFs related to this paper. Explain how technology transformed agriculture and created a population shift within the state. First published Thu Dec 7, 1995; substantive revision Wed May 27, 2020. Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, OM, FRS (18 May 1872 - 2 February 1970) was a British mathematician, philosopher, logician, and public intellectual.He had a considerable influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, linguistics, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, computer science and various areas of analytic philosophy, especially philosophy of mathematics . DOE CODE allows users to submit code, offers repository services, and discovery of DOE-funded software. March 17, 2020. Describe the role of Georgia in World War 1. freedom of the seas meant the U.S. could trade with warring countries; Great Britain, France, United States and Russia were allies; Germany used Submarines to sink ships trading with British; German submarine sank the British ship "Lusitania" and killed 128 Americans; the Zimmerman telegram was the "finial blow" that led President Woodrow Wilson to ask Congress to declare war against the Central Powers; during the war infantry trained at Camp Benning [now Ft. Benning in Columbus Georgia]; armistice that ended the war is celebrated on the 11th hour of the 11th month of the year; propaganda was the information used by the allied nation to promote their cause and entice the United States to enter the war; Georgian's made textiles for uniforms; women volunteered at the Red Cross; over 3000 young people from Georgia died in the war. Richard B. Russell and Carl Vinson greatly helped prepare the United States for world war 2 their efforts also brought a great military presence to - 14434761. It provides the labor force jobs and persons in military service a steady job and production company a steady orders to mft. answer choices. The claim that large firms or industry concentration causes political power (and thus that under-enforcement of antitrust laws is a key threat to our democratic system of government) is often repeated, and accepted as a Copy. Item Preview remove-circle Share or Embed This Item. B. Volunteers gather beside a campaign wagon used during Richard B. Russell Jr.'s 1936 campaign against Georgia governor Eugene Talmadge for a seat in the U.S. Senate. 11 CompleTe The deTails using inforrnaTion from your Google Slides. SS8H10 Evaluate key post-World War II developments in Georgia. Evaluate the purpose and economic impact of the Bell Bomber Plant, military bases, and the Savannah and c. Explain the economic and military contributions of Richard Russell and Carl Vinson. DOE CODE is DOEs new software services platform and search tool, replacing ESTSC. In 1927 he was elected Speaker of the House and remained in that position until 1931. He was one of the figures at the Continental Congress that pushed for complete independece from Britain. richard russell contributions to ww2. In 1954 Russell spoke against American military support of the French in Vietnam. Join Facebook to connect with Richard Richard Russell and others you may know. Today I want to revisit an investment classic written by the late Richard Russell titled, "Rich Man, Poor Man." It shows how powerful compound interest can be. You are presently working for the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). Evaluate the importance of Bell Aircraft, military bases, the Savannah and Brunswick shipyards, Richard Russell, and Carl Vinson. How did Senator Richard Russell's economic policies impact Georgia? military institutions provided for During this year Russell was elected to the U.S. Senate and appointed to the Naval Affairs Committee, the first of many powerful committee appointments during his long tenure as senator. It was February 5, 1968, and Washington Star reporter Jack Horner had an angry President Lyndon Johnson on the phone. Jensen was skeptical, but Flynn was able to meet most of his challenges. August 12, 2018 1:05 PM EDT. Architect of the Capitol: Russell Senate Office Building, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies at the University of Georgia, https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/school-that-learned-to-eat_001.mp4. 91). In 1972, President Richard M. Nixon honored Vinson by naming the countrys third nuclear carrier for him. explain the economic and military contributions of richard russell. c. Explain the economic and military contributions of Richard Russell and Carl Vinson. . The resolution reasserted the Senates right to be a participant in the making of commitments by the United States. Richard B. Russell Jr. (left), who served from 1933 to 1971 as a U.S. senator from Georgia, stands with fellow senators Carl Hayden of Arizona (center) and Alexander Wiley of Wisconsin (right) in 1955. Although Russell was best known for his efforts to strengthen the national defense and to oppose civil rights legislation, he favored describing his role as advocate for the small farmer and for soil and water conservation. Your support helps us commission new entries and update existing content. By the age of 14 he was fluent in Latin, Greek and French and had a strong aptitude of . explain the economic and military contributions of richard russellbuddy foster now. Published by at June 13, 2022. Russell died of complications from emphysema at Walter Reed Hospital in Washington, D.C., on January 21, 1971. Bob and I organized this conference for nearly 30 years. During World War II Russell led a special committee of five senators around the world to visit the war theaters and to report on the status of American troops. Russell rejected the single-bullet theory, as did Texas governor John Connally, who had been wounded in the attack on Kennedy. During the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, he had advocated military action in what he saw as a direct Communist threat to the nation. This campaign was one of only two contested elections for Russell during his tenure as a U.S. senator, from 1933 until his death in 1971. Becoming Georgias youngest governor in the twentieth century, Russell took the oath of office in June 1931. Annual Study Reveals Military Responsible for 350,000 Jobs in San Diego County with another 29,000 on the Way. The signal difference is that I can cheat in the large-number exchange by free riding on the contributions of others, whereas such cheating in the two-person case would Richard Russell was governor of Georgia between 1931 and 1933. - New Georgia Encyclopedia Richard B. Russell Jr. served in public office for fifty years as a state legislator, governor of Georgia, and U.S. senator. Russell ended the section "about" section of the blog with his dreams for the future: Moving up to become a manager at Horizon Air or joining the military as an officer. Online obituary and guestbook at www.DeJohnCares.com. A highlight of this reorganization was the creation of the University System of Georgia, with the Board of Regents as the single governing body over all state colleges and universities. However, scholars are beginning to focus on some aspects of his administration in which Clinton's historical importance might be significant. He became a strong influence on the king and encouraged the buildup of the military. One of the most eventful years in American history began with the Tet offensive in Vietnam and ended with the election of Richard Nixon. Economic Concepts economic growth, government revenues, government expenditures, productive resources Knowledge The student will know that: Carl Vinson's influence aided in the location of many of Georgia's military installations. Russells name was twice put forward for nomination as the Democratic candidate for president. Although he never married, Russell dated regularly over the years. Samuel Adams was one of the Founding Fathers of the American Revolution. He took the same agenda to the people in April 1930, when he announced his candidacy for governor. He is why we have military bases in foreign lands and he used his power to bring war time industries to Georgia during WWII. Supporters campaign at the 1952 Democratic National Convention for the presidential nomination of Richard B. Russell Jr., a U.S. senator from Georgia. . A stalwart nationalist, he favored military force only when Americas interests were directly threatened. Russell created programs that were designed to help the state industrialize. Carl Vinson Political Contributions Military . Georgia's during World War 1, The Great Depression and World War 2 "I had no specific reason to do so, except for my gut-feeling." 1.3%: 3.2%: 2.2%: 10.5% - 11/18/09: Richard Russell [is] now officially bullish on both the secondary and primary trends of the stock . Share to Reddit. In a certain country the heights of adult men are normally distributed with a mean of 69.4 inches and a standard deviation of 2.4 inches. It put an end to the Lend-Lease program. Richard specialises in defense, war, and the military industrial complex; he is also the president of The Center for the Study of Partisanship and Ideology. In 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson awarded Carl Vinson the Presidential Medal of Carl Vinson, Father of the Two-Ocean Navy Freedom. poochon puppies for sale in nebraska; C. Explain the economic and military contributions of Richard Russell and Carl Vinson. America in the 1920s was a prosperous nation. Evaluate the purpose and economic impact of the Bell Bomber Plant, military bases, and the Savannah and . *Drop in Cotton Prices: The price of cotton dropped from 35 cents a pound to 17 cents at the end of the war, when demand fell. 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. A fierce advocate for the military, he was proficient in getting bills through Congress. Over a 10-year period, cotton harvests fell to less than a third of what they had been in a normal year. Richard Russell died almost 50 years ago. His victory was attributed to a grassroots campaign and his skill in canvassing voters door-to-door across Georgia. Write the following words or phrases in the correct column. With Vietnam, Russell, who believed deeply in the presidency, found himself supporting four administrations as America descended into the quagmire. Tax Cuts: One of the most well-known Ronald Reagan major accomplishments was his tax cuts, which were designed to benefit the middle class. The two men had become acquainted during the 1920s, when Roosevelt often visited Warm Springs.